Saturday, December 28, 2019

Group Work With Lgbtq Adolescents - 1703 Words

Group Work with LGBTQ Adolescents Group work is an effective method of therapy in which a social worker leads a group of individuals who have a common purpose. Group work is used for many populations, and there are constantly new models of group work that are developed for certain underserved populations. One of those populations is the LGBTQ community, specifically, LGBTQ adolescents. This essay will cover new models that can be implemented to lead groups with LGBTQ group members. The purpose of the models is to promote resiliency and to be used as interventions for those who have trouble coping with stress. There will also be discussion about the benefits for facilitators and members who participate in groups, and how effective these groups are for LGBTQ adolescents. It is important to care about the LGBTQ community because they are more alienated than other minority groups. Someone who is part of a racial or gender minority has friends or family that identify with the same status ; LGBTQ do not always have someone who identifies with them, making them more vulnerable than most other minorities. Working with Multiethnic LGBTQ Youth LGBTQ adolescents, also called sexual minority youth, have a higher risk of developing mental and emotional problems than heterosexual youth, and also face more bullying, harassment, and victimization due to homophobia (Craig, Austin, McInroy, 2014). In order to address their needs, the researchers used group therapy that was based onShow MoreRelatedEssay on LGBTQ Youth: The Endless Strife1362 Words   |  6 PagesRudy Estrada and Rob Woronoff wrote of the following statement made by an adolescent during the 2002 Regional Listening Forum for LGBTQ youth: I realized that being gay is not my problem. It’s their problem. I see it as a social disease. I try not to get involved in negative communities. But I do try to teach them. I’d rather teach them than ignore them. Otherwise, the ignorance will continue and nothing will ever be done about it. (380) Ignorance is the root of nearly all tribulations surroundingRead MoreLiterature Review On Adolescent Identity Development1141 Words   |  5 PagesAdolescent Identity Development: Suggestion for a LGBTQ Identity Model Introduction The purpose of this literature review is to provide an in depth evaluation of the research on adolescent identity development. Specifically, to examine the limitations and gaps in the literature for LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans*, and Queer) adolescent populations. There are many limitations to using traditional adolescent identity models for LGBTQ youth (Bilodeau Renn, 2005; Talburt, 2004). It is my hopeRead MoreThe Right For Same Sex Couples1161 Words   |  5 Pagesthe laws admit their rights, some people still have some negative thought about LGBTQ. Our group chooses this topic and this course of action because we want to inform the class and the community the hardships of those in the LGBTQ community and their â€Å"coming out† stories. We hope to inspire others who are â€Å"in the closet† to not be afraid of who they are and inspire society to respect the choices and actions of the LGBTQ. Though we are all different in shape, skin color, personality and sexuality,Read MoreHealth Promotion Is An Important Aspect Of Nursing868 Words   |  4 Pagesculture, also known as LGBTQ, has been slowly emerging and gaining more attention throughout the past century. It is essential for nurses to acquire knowledge about them to better serve their community in a culturally sensitive manner. As health promotion is an important aspect of nursing, it must be attuned carefully to each culture to be effective. According to â€Å"Caring for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transsexual Parents and their Children† (2012), the estimated number of LGBTQ living in the UnitedRead MoreReflective Reflection Essay Examples963 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are often when critical thinking becomes necessary throughout the week during group with the LGBTQ adolescents. Working weekly, with these young people using critical thinking is especially essential because of the wide variety of problems or issues that can arise with a person who identifies as gay, lesbian, bi-sexual, transgender or questioning is experiencing or has had in the past. Therefore, social work practice within my internship demonstrates the use of critically analyzing knowledgeRead MoreDiabetes Is A Chronic Disease Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pagesbeliefs which promotes the development of risk factors for diabetes and its complications. Women have limited access to health care facilities because of illiteracy, ignorance and negative social customs like the need to be accompanied to hospital, heavy work burden as a result of which time is scarce. Being illiterate makes a woman the slave of the family; she does not have the confidence to take decisions, especially regarding health problems and treatment. Alternative therapies, wrong beliefs and poorRead MoreTeenage Suicide On The Rise Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagesweeks following Rodemeyer experienced taunting, name calling, assault and isolation from his peers. Even his close friends refused to sit with him at lunch. Later that year, James Rodemeyer committed suicide.This case is just one of many where an adolescent feels that their is no other solution than to end their life. It is estimated that, 42% of LGBT of youth have experienced bullying, and they are two to three times more likely to attempt suicide than other teens (BullyingStatistics.org, 2016). Read MoreClients Rights and Counselors Responsibilities1254 Words   |  5 Pagesplague to treat an indiv idual who is from the LGBTQ community. The counseling profession attaches such importance to this principle that it is the very first ethical standard in the American Counseling Associations (ACA) Code of Ethics (2005) (pg 80) A.1a states that the primary responsibility of counselors is to respect the dignity and to promote the welfare of the clients. My view as a future Mental Health Therapist is to advocate for the LGBTQ communities. For more than 200 years, cliniciansRead MoreThe Broad World Of American Theatre1691 Words   |  7 Pagessociety,† while maneuvering around life’s complex and ephemeral nature (Dorsey 1). Historically, the theatre has been an open and welcoming arena for the LGBTQ community, offering an outlet of solace and hope while simultaneously enabling the community to showcase the hardships and oppression generations of homosexuals have faced. Nevertheless, the LGBTQ theatre has seen ongoing evolutionary changes in the themes presented through the plays ever since its birth in the early 1900s. As Alan Sinfield statedRead MoreAnti Heterosexuality And Its Effects On Society1369 Words   |  6 Pagesfamily, and colleagues, in order to avoid confronting this socially stigmatized part of their life, along with their own potential denial and self-hatred. Because of the stigmas attached to the LGBTQ community, one often feels that they have to hide this part of their life in order to maintain social and work relations, with pressure to conform to the heterosexually dominated culture. This causes internalized confusion because non-heterosexuals are told from society they are abnormal, and thus this

Friday, December 20, 2019

Legal Memorandum on Unemployment Compensation Claim

LEGAL MEMORANDUM SUBJECT: Natalie Attired Unemployment Compensation Claim. STATEMENT OF FACTS The client, Natalie Attired, 23 years-of-age and a high school graduate attended New Mexico State University. Natalie dropped out of college after 12 months and began a job as a waitress. Most recently, Ms. Attired has been employed at Biddy Bakers restaurant. Ms. Baker conducts job reviews on her waitresses every three months. Ms. Attired is reported to have gotten a tattoo known as a full sleeve tattoo meaning that the tattoo covers Ms. Attireds upper right arm from her should to her elbow and this tattoo is only partly covered when Ms. Attired wears short-sleeved uniforms but does not show in uniforms with long sleeves. At the time of the job review for Ms. Attired, Ms. Baker instructed the client to remove the tattoo however; Ms. Attired refused to do so and was terminated on the grounds of misconduct, which resulted in her being ineligible to receive unemployment compensation benefits. Ms. Attired has consulted the firm seeking advice as to whether she has a claim under the NMESB for wrongfully withholding unemployment compensation benefits from her. ISSUES/QUESTIONS PRESENTED The issues in this case include those stated as follows: (1) Does the refusal of Ms. Attired to remove the full-sleeve tattoo result in her commission of misconduct under the New Mexico laws that govern these issues? (2) Is there any evidence that Ms. Attireds full-sleeve tattooShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Owner Of Biddy s Tea House And Crossantarie856 Words   |  4 PagesINTERNAL LEGAL MEMORANDUM STATEMENT OF FACTS: The parties in this case include Bitty Baker the owner of Biddy’s Tea House and Crossantarie. The other party is an employee Natalie Attired. The action that is bringing these parties to court is Natalie got a full-sleeve tattoo and Biddy Baker wanted her to remove the tattoo or she would be fired since the tattoo is visible with the uniform and the older clientele would be disgusted by it. Natalie Attired is seeking unemployment compensation benefitsRead MoreWhat Is Enterprise Information System Policy1704 Words   |  7 Pagesrequesting facility. Requests for medical records information by the Department of Medical Services in Virginia and other states in connection with an unemployment medical compensation application will be provided, as required by law, without the use of a release form, since this inquiry is initiated by the unemployed medical patient who has filed a claim. Patients will be notified, whenever possible, when Rusteze Medical Center is required to provide personal information by a subpoena, warrant, or otherRead MoreLabor Contractualization3560 Words   |  15 Pagescannot afford to join unions because they are at the mercy of their employers. Many laws protecting workers protect only regular employment (Herrera, 2006). On the local scene, the general public is sounding the alarm on the steady growth of both unemployment and underemployment. The concrete situation of millions of sales ladies in our department stores and giant malls, some factory workers, house helpers, carpenters, gasoline boys, workers in the barber shops and parlors, whose jobs are â€Å"permanentlyRead MoreHistorical Origin, Evolution, And Current Reality Of The Lumber Dispute Essay2032 Words   |  9 Pagesof industry representatives, the softwood lumber dispute rests largely on the arguments of stumpage fees and the amount of publically owned lands for harvestable timber for either nation. Specifically speaking, the Coalition for Fair Lumber Imports claims that both levels of Canadian government subsidize the softwood lumber industry by placing stumpage fees below the general market value. What this ultimately comes down to is the fact that ninety-five percent of their harvestable timber is owned byRead MoreChina s Currency M anipulation And World Trade2939 Words   |  12 Pagesservices. At this point elements of supply and demand are factored into the equation: in order to supply some goods and services that are being demanded countries rely on importing and exporting. To obtain these goods and services some form of compensation/ incentive is needed. Conducting trade by means of barter is not very practical in most circumstances and today’s society. So we use money. Different countries use different forms of money: the Dollar in the United States of America, the Euro inRead MoreChapter 6 Solution Manual - South Western Federal Tax 201211025 Words   |  45 PagesOrdinary and necessary requirement Reasonable compensation Business versus nonbusiness losses Reporting procedures Method of accounting: cash basis Prepayment provision for cash basis taxpayer All events and economic performance tests Reserves and economic performance test Illegal activities Domestic and foreign bribes Legal expenses I llegal activities Political contributions Political contributions and lobbying expenditures Excessive executive compensation Investigation of a business Status: PresentRead MoreThe Garment Industry of Bangladesh9128 Words   |  37 Pagessoon established its reputation in the world market within a short span of time. Resultantly garment is now one of the main export items of the country. Besides, enriching the countrys economy it has played a very important role in alleviating unemployment. At present there are more than two thousand one hundred garment factories in the country employing more than 12 lack labors. 85 percent of the labor force is women. Once Sri-Lanka was leader in this field in South Asia and India was its competitorRead MoreBusiness Law I Summary34667 Words   |  139 PagesPossession consists of two elements: physical control and the intention to exclude others. Chapter two Legal changes can be divided into two broad categories according to their causes. The first type of legal change is caused by the law responding to changes taking place in society. The second type of legal change arises from the need to keep the law in good working order. Legal change and the changing World While science and technology have been taking great leaps forward over the lastRead MoreHow to Start a Child Support Recovery Business13852 Words   |  56 Pagesjudgment recovery specialist. While this material is designed to assist you in the recovery of court awarded judgments, we do not present this material as legal advise. It must be pointed out that there may be circumstances that may prevent any monetary recovery in any judgment recovery endeavor. A few examples of these are bankruptcy, unemployment, child support and below poverty level, among others. This is what is known in the business as â€Å"Judgment Proof.† The fact that these circumstances due existRead MoreEnvironmental Impact Assessment For Trinidad And Tobago9855 Words   |  40 Pagesenvironmental sustainability. However, the companies’ commitments to green operations are not always upheld outside of the developed world. It is estimated that 17 percent of the population of Trinidad and Tobago live below the poverty line. The unemployment rate is 5 percent with the labor force divided by sector showing agriculture: 3.8%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying: 12.8%, construction and utilities: 20.4% and services: 62.9%. Trinidad and Tobago’s shift from agriculture with sugar cane

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Ashleigh moss free essay sample

Assessment Feedback Form Learner: Course / Level: Level 3 Extended Diploma in Uniformed Public Services Unit: 04: Understanding Discipline in the Uniformed Public Services Assessment: title: (4) Know the complex nature of authority in the uniformed public services Issue date: Due: Resubmission: Assessment decision: Criteria Met Y/N IV Y/N (P5) Describe ‘authority’ as it relates to the uniformed public services (Types of authority covered in team leadership) Learner target grade: Learner evaluation What I think I have done well: What I think I could improve: Does my progress reflect my targets? Student: Signed: Date: Background: Organisations such as the public services can only run effectively if authority is working at all levels. There are many types of authority which are used in a variety of situations, and at a variety of levels. In some situations if lives are at risk there is no time for discussion, the leader will say what needs doing and the subordinates will do it. We will write a custom essay sample on Ashleigh moss or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On another level there will be situations where the person in authority might appreciate some advice and consult other team members, before making a final decision. The following assignment identifies the types of authority and how they can be applied in the public services. Task 1 (P5) Explain the nature of authority in relation to the uniformed public services. Ensure you cover and describe each of the following points: Power Position Status Influence Corruption Disobedience Blind obedience Moral dilemmas Questioning orders Task 2 (P5) If breaches of discipline occur within the uniformed services then they need to be dealt with. Describe the following pieces of legislation which help to deal with any breaches in discipline: The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) HM Chief Inspector of Fire and Rescue HM Chief Inspector of Prisons Task 3 (P5) Produce a PowerPoint presentation which describes the following pieces of legislation: Armed Forces Disciplinary Act 2000 Police Act 1997 section 50 Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 part IX Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 Assessor’s feedback: Actions for improvement: Assessor: Signed: Date: IV: Signed: Date: Power power is having the ability to direct authority and influence peoples actions and their behavior in different types of situations. Power is basically being in control of what people are doing and they have to do what you tell them to do. Position- having a position in society is having roles and responsibilities and having a role of importance that you have in it. Status- this is being in a position compared to others mainly to do with authority Influence- this Is having power over people and having an way of yourself where people look up to you and it may affect their decisions behavior and opinions. Like how a normal soldier would Corruption- this in the public services is being dishonest or being a fraud this mainly happens with people in power and mainly involves bribery. They usually use it to get more power and a higher status but doing this is obviously illegal which causes many problems for the services. Disobedience- this in the public services is a very bad thing because it means that people are not following orders of doing work correctly. It is basically the refusal to do what they are being told to do. But sometimes disobedience can be justified because sometimes people can ask people to do the wrong thing which is wrong and unlawful and goes against their morals. Blind obedience- this is when people follow orders given by a member of authority without question because it was given to them by someone with higher power. This can be a good thing and a bad thing because a example of this is in the WW2 Nazis murdered millions of people because they were obeying their authority and they were obeying these orders set. Moral dilemmas- this is a dilemma purely based on your mental state, it is when you’re in a situation where there is no right or wrong answer so it is very difficult to decide which one to choose for example there could be two people drowning in a lake but you can only save one but there are two twins  so they are both equal you would have to make the moral desisicion who to save. Which would be very hard? But then there could be two people drowning one has a large family and is very loved ect, and then the other is always in and out of prison you would know which one to choose even though it would still be hard and you would have to think about it. Questioning orders- this is showing a good and bad thing because some can be because they thing what they Are being asked to do is wrong and un lawful so they thing about doing it. But sometimes it can be because of bad discipline. This is bad for public services. Legislation. The armed forces disciplinary act 2000 This acts provides the whole basic rules and the frame work of the army, navy and marines. This legislation gets renewed and made better every year. All forces have their own

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

A Vision Of Death Essay Research Paper free essay sample

A Vision Of Death Essay, Research Paper Since a long clip ago, one subject that caught writer # 8217 ; s attending is the decease and all related to it. It influenced in a such manner that developed into a complete and independent gender. The horror literature, that will act upon the film. Unfourtanly that unbelievable and dark literature, in the last old ages, became in vulgar narratives where as many people die as better the narrative, besides films were corrupted. We can happen good illustrations of this degeneracy in films like? The Night of the Living Deaths? or the magazines where decease is exposed as a distraction for morbid heads hungry of gross outing exposure, and violent deceases. If we look for a book were decease is considered as something cryptic and unpredictable ( and no a blood pool ) we must look at the old literature? fourtanly there are some authors in our yearss who talk about decease in that manner. But what is decease, dictionary defines it as? the terminal of life? or? expiration of all organic maps? a really Hesperian definition of decease. However other civilizations, specially primitives, see decease as a gate or event, that take your psyche to transport it at other degree of being, it means leave the stuff universe, and travel to a religious 1. That # 8217 ; s why many people ask themselves what happens after decease, the organic structure dice and that # 8217 ; s all? , the psyche leaves the organic structure to go on being in other topographic point? , what happens in the head of a deceasing adult male? . Possibly Ambrose Bierce asked himself this inquiries before write? An Happening at Owl Creek Bridge? , possibly he made this inquiries when he saw something at that topographic point ( he was at that place for a clip ) . Probably Bierce acquire shocked by war and all the decease he saw in the Fieldss of conflict. What of all time Bierce writes about decease in a really peculiar manner, he doesn # 8217 ; t speak about it explicitly, he does it through the relate in an inexplicit manner. Before continue with the analysis, it # 8217 ; s necessary do a brief sum-up of the narrative, in order to understand about what we # 8217 ; ll speak about. The narrative is as follows: in northern Alabama at the Owl Creek span at that place # 8217 ; s a adult male about to be hanged, his name is Farquhar, in his last minutes he looks down and thinks about his household. The ambiance is so soundless that he can hear the ticking of his ticker, and now he thinks in flight. Following as a flash back the narrative of how he acquire to the span, the confederated soldier, their conversation about the span and what will go on if a adult male could approche at the span and fire it. And so all of a sudden he falls through the span, and experience how his organic structure starts to decease, he feels atrocious strivings that grow through all his organic structure, his head is erased he merely feels hurting inside a aglow cloud. Next he hears a plash and realises is in the H2O, there he fights to acquire at the visible radiation over the H2O, after a great attempt he managed to acquire at the surface. Now he realises his pots are stronger he can hear the H2O and see every characteristic of the trees along the river, so he hears a shooting the soldiers were hiting him, after swim and evade the enemy fire he gets at the bank at that place, once more, his senses take topographic point he experience the sand as the most beautiful thing and smells the aroma of the workss. But he woke up of his dream when he felt that soldiers were hiting at him, he stood up and ran to the wood, he walked for along clip until he acquire at the way to his house, while he was walking everything was soundless, stars seemed make eldritch configurations and trouble cameback to his organic structure, next he was at the entryway of his house, he saw his married woman and when he was approximately to clap her he saw a freshness that covered all, and so everything was dark, he was decease. After reading the drumhead, we can get down the analysis of the narrative. The first point are the last minutes of life, those hours, proceedingss, seconds before dice, what happens in the head of a adult male about to decease? . Specially when he knows decease is near. The first portion of the narrative negotiations about that minutes, seconds after die you think, foremost of all, in the people you love, and if will see them once more. Time seems to halt a 2nd becomes in hr, so the silence, people that suffered awful accidents say they didn # 8217 ; t see or hear anything, decease and silence come together. Silence, last ideas, and besides flashbacks, in the narrative the events that took Farquhar at the span are in some sort of flashback. Flashbacks or recollections, they can come to you at any minute, but when they come with a flooring event as an accident, or like in this instance decease, they are longer images from your past semen to your head at an unbelievable velocity, you can see your full life in merely a 2nd. In the narrative the lone is the flashback we mentioned, is more than a simple flashback is the terminal of it, the last portion of Farquhar # 8217 ; s life. After the flashback, comes the hurting, here Bierce describes the hurting of a hanged adult male in a really realistic manner, pro bably he saw by himself a adult male being hanged, and felt the hurting of the adult male. That will explicate how Bierce knows those feelings. The hurting that atrocious thing, with the power of interruption heads, acquire confessions, and barricade your ideas in a manner that you become into a organic structure without head or even psyches. Next, when the hurting has gone, what comes following no organic structure knows. Mentioning once more at the narrative, Farquhar felt he fell to the river, he escaped from his enemies, and when he was in the river his sens become stronger. This means Farquhar realised the value of life, the paragraph about his pots negotiations about how people understands that we live unrecorded in a universe full of life. Peoples that had experiences near the decease can corroborate this, after their experiences they see life in other manner. Tax return to the narrative at the last portion, where Farquhar acquire off of the river and walks looking for a way to his house, after a clip he found it, next he acquire at his hosiery where he saw his married woman. Here Bierce makes allusion to the last minute of life, that minute where your psyche leaves your organic structure and starts to go looking for your dears, for say good pass and go forth this universe. There are many narratives like this, a loved familiar visits others for see them one more clip, they came in dreams, or as any other manifestation. Reasoning the analysis, is of import to advert an interesting characteristic in Bierce # 8217 ; s narrative. Along the relate the storyteller talks many times about a freshness, a aglow cloud or visible radiation. This elements are clue because they say that all the narrative is merely in Farquhar # 8217 ; s head, the narrative of the white visible radiation before dice is good known, so those visible radiations are the representation of Farquhar # 8217 ; s torment, the battle of his organic structure for keep alive, the visible radiation is merely seen in some transitions, and in the concluding portion where the light represents Farquhar # 8217 ; s decease. While Farquhar is deceasing, he runaways from his capturers, but in fact he neer move left the span, one scientific account for this are hallucinations, images created by the encephalon due to a chemical reaction in the intellectual bark. But why Bierce writes about the hallucinations of a adult male, really the transition of the blowout is the battle of Farquhar # 8217 ; s head and psyche for be alive, his head produces the esthesiss, of hurting, the item of the things he see and watch, the aroma of the workss all that for take Farquhar off from the ideas of decease, his head keeps him far off from the agony of torment. Next the tally off, Farquhar gets off from the span and expression for a way to his house where his loved 1s are, this is some sort of travel the travel of Farquhar # 8217 ; s psyche, foremost go forthing his organic structure and following spell place, travel place and see his household for last clip, and so get down another travel to other degree of being, or mer ely to disapeer, cipher knows because cipher cameback to state us. Finaly it # 8217 ; s of import to note that Bierce spent some clip in war, there he saw enduring and decease, there he saw that doesn # 8217 ; t affair from which set you are, when decease comes all of us are equal, soldiers, captains, civilian all will decease, and no 1 of them wants to decease. One ground for choose as chief character a civilian, a confederated civilian, we must retrieve Bierce was a unionist, so why choose an enemy for chief character. The ground is obvious, Bierce wanted to demo a human being, an enemy, but besides human being. So Bierce shows us a human and no a civilian, a soldier or a general doesn # 8217 ; T from which set. As a decision, we can state that Bierce looks at decease as something cryptic, for him decease is like a lesson, a lesson that teach us how cherished are our lives. Death is seen as a ceremonial a soundless ceremonial where you think in the 1s you love, so alternatively of think in you, you wish they # 8217 ; ll be good and no agony will ache them. And in the last 2nd before dice you don # 8217 ; t want to, as a self-destruction that repents of his determination before touch the land. Here your head takes topographic point, when you are deceasing you see what you want to see a loved 1 that calls you, your psyche winging above your organic structure, or like Farquhar a run off from decease, is your last breath of life wipe outing from your head the atrocious think of decease. All this things are intended for elude the concluding lesson a lesson that no 1 wants to larn, but a lesson that all of us will larn. As concluding a commentary, it # 8217 ; s of import to state that Bierce is one of the few writers, that can speak about decease without talk about it, that means he talks in an inexplicit manner, utilizing metaphors or seting elements that give you the thought of decease without depicting bloody state of affairs. Bierce expose decease as something we must esteem because decease can make us at any clip whoever we are or wherever we # 8217 ; ll travel. * I apologise for any grammatical or syntactical mistake ( I don # 8217 ; t speak English really good, as you could see ) delight direct your remarks or corrections at era3d @ lycos.com I will be glad to cognize your sentiments.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Banned Books Week September 26 to October 3

BANNED BOOKS WEEK: SEPTEMBER 26 TO OCTOBER 3 What do The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, The World According to Garp, and Of Mice and Men have in common? They’ve all been banned. At one point or another, somebody (or a group of somebodies, as is often the case), decided that these books – and hundreds of others – should be removed from libraries and schools. And who decided that these somebodies had the final say over what lines our community bookshelves? Well, um . . . they did. Photo by DML East Branch I can’t imagine going through high school without Kurt Vonnegut or John Irving. Or being a ‘tween without Judy Blume. Or a college student without Flannery O’Connor or Toni Morrison. Or never reading The Kite Runner or Babbitt because somebody didn’t think it was right for me. Bill Maher calls it â€Å"legistlating taste.† Thomas Jefferson was â€Å"mortified† at the thought. Chuck Palahniuk called censored media â€Å"white noise.† Banned Books Week is sponsored by the American Booksellers Association, American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression, and the American Library Association, just to name a few. And it has one purpose: to celebrate our First Amendment and our freedom to read (and write) what we want. Wanna join the celebration? Check out this list of banned books from the American Library Association, and pick up a banned book. Happy Banned Books Week!!

Sunday, November 24, 2019

The concepts of race

The concepts of race, racism and cultural relativism are distinct issues that have influenced race relations today and in the past. This paper will describe each issue and its affect on slavery and the subjugation of Indians in America. Race and racism are often confused concepts. They do interrelate, but they are separate issues. Race can be strictly defined as the difference in human beings distinguished by physical features such as the color of skin, hair and eyes and the shape of features and body. The division of race by this definition can be very limited to the three primary divisions Caucasoid, Negroid, and Mongoloid. These divisions are broadened when the definition of race is expanded to include the difference in human beings based on geographic area and similar habits, beliefs, and traits. American Indians as a group do not fit into any of three primary divisions. In theory, Native Americans taken together belong to what most anthropologists would call a basic race. Yet, on the whole, they tend to be a loose residue of tribes rather than a racial entity. (Hacker p. 5) What is important to realize about the concept of race is that it is a human creation. (Hacker p. 4) It is a concept that dates back to whatever time in history people first started noticing a difference in one another and associating that difference with physical characteristics and perhaps even languages and lifestyles. Racism grew out of this recognition of differences between human beings. Certain beliefs started to be formed about the differences and those beliefs were then assigned to the entire race as it was defined. For example, when discoverers first came to America, they found the land inhabited by Indian tribes. Compared to western civilization, the Indians lifestyles, tools, customs, etc. seemed primitive. Similarly, African tribes were of a primitive nature in westerners opinion. The w...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Comparison between sudden fiction story The Country Where Nobody Ever Essay

Comparison between sudden fiction story The Country Where Nobody Ever Grew Old and Died by William Maxwell and the Garden of Eden from the Bible - Essay Example He/she claims that the story is in the Leipzig edition of the book; however, Beckford’s book does not have any reference to the case that told in the story. The major theme of the story, as its title also implied, is the question of immortality/temporality. In that sense, the story reminds â€Å"Garden of Eden† in the Bible. The aim of this paper is to compare how the theme of immortality/ temporality is interwoven into the fabrics of both stories. Firstly, a brief account on the theme of immortality in the â€Å"Garden of Eden† story will be given. Then, the stories’ differences in regard to the theme will be discussed. Before proceeding to the comparison, the question of immortality raised by the â€Å"Garden of Eden† story must be discussed. The question of what death is and whether Adam was made mortal holds a crucial place in biblical studies. The question of mortality/immortality is significant in a sense that it puts the authority of God in question while raising a suspicion that whether the snake was right. In Genesis 2: 15-17, God makes an arrangement with Adam and tells him that he will die if he eats of the tree of the knowledge: The Lord God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it. And the Lord God commanded the man, saying â€Å"You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, â€Å"but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.† It is very clear from the above passage that if they disobey God’s command, they will be punished by death sentence. On the other hand, when the serpent and Eve converse (3:1b-5), the serpent says to the woman â€Å"You will not surely die† and contradicts God’s commandment of â€Å"You shall surely die†. However, although they ate the fruit of the tree of knowledge, they did not die and God pronounces a different sentence in 3:14-19. The discrepancy between the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

SUPPLY CHAIN GLOBAL TREND - Supply and logistics management CLASS Research Paper

SUPPLY CHAIN GLOBAL TREND - Supply and logistics management CLASS - Research Paper Example Customers on their part have become very sophisticated in that they are so keen to discover how a certain product affects the rest of the world. Any business that engages in sustainable activities has received a lot of favors from the rest of the world through donations and market share. The most important aspect of any business dealing is the nature of the supply chain in which the organization uses to acquire goods and services as well as serve its clients. Sustainability is among the global trends affecting supply chain in the world today. Researchers and scholars believe that for an organization and the entire global market to become sustainable the process must start with individual supply chains (Faisal 517). As a result, related bodies have come up with strategies to help individual organizations and industries to establish sustainability in their supply chains. In this connection, this paper aims at discussing sustainability as one of the emerging global trends in supply chai n. Sustainability houses three key issues including environmental protection, socio-cultural and economic performance. These three must be incorporated in any business endeavor to make it sustainable and healthy to the society. Proponents of sustainability in supply chain see it as a way to improve organizational performance and a way to grow the general economy of the world. In addition, sustainable supply chain aims at mitigating the negative impacts on the environment and society that occur in the supply chain. A supply chain is made up different individuals with different personalities and ethnic background (Miemczyk 484). Social harmony and cultural responsibility must be upheld in the supply chain transactions to ensure that organizations achieve maximum success and that customer satisfaction is achieved. The environment in which a business operates is key to its success. The health of the environment determines the flow of material and

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Subsidies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Subsidies - Research Paper Example This paper aims at examining the relationship between subsidies and economic growth in the context of developing countries. Subsidies are financial assistance provided by the government of a country to some of its domestic firms or a specific industry or sector (Schaffer, Agusti & Earle 374). The governments of different countries allocate subsidies to its industries with a variety of objectives both in direct and indirect forms. However, the central purpose of levying a subsidy is to keep the price below the level normally determined by the market forces in the sector in which the subsidy is provided and accelerate the course of development in the entire nation (Moltke, McKee & Morgan 23). In particular, subsidies are provided to those industries or sectors which are lagging behind the other sectors in the economy in terms of performance or are not being able to perform up the expected level. The subject about impact of subsidies on the developing countries is quite researched upon. Before going into the details of my research work I shall review some of the existing literature on this topic in this section. Peacock elaborates in his paper the role of subsidies is important in the overall welfare of the economy (Peocock 323-335). Although elimination of subsidies on necessary goods, such as agricultural products, medicines and other items related to health sector and the petroleum products, is a key policy prescription for the developing countries by the World Bank, no persuasive theory has been developed supporting this policy. Amegashie states in this context that the governments of the developing countries should exercise caution in following a process of removing subsidies since it might give rise to agitation on part of the citizens (Amegashie 7-15). Thus, the research will try to explore the effects and side effects of such system. The study employs secondary sources. The research will employ Qualitative method and

Friday, November 15, 2019

Psychological Impact of Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer

Psychological Impact of Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer CHAPTER ONE Introduction The concern addressed in this dissertation is to explore the psychological impact on a newly diagnosed lung cancer patient. Patients with lung cancer normally experience variety of distress symptoms, many of which begin prior to diagnosis and continue throughout the course of the disease and the treatment, which adversely affects the functional status and quality of life (Julkunen et al, 2009). The experience of lung cancer is not limited to only the victims but may equally have wide-range impact on families physical and emotional well-being. Therefore it is essential to critically assess the extent of this psychological impact of lung cancer on the patient. This topic is properly examined in context of a critical literature review approach. The approach has adopted the traditional method which is considered appropriate for the purpose of this piece of work. This method involves a critique, summary and synthesis of a body of literature after which a conclusions is drawn, (Coughlan,et al. 2008). According to Crombie (1996), the purpose of writing a literature review is to convey to readers the knowledge and ideas which have been established on the chosen topic, and explore the strength and weaknesses. This helps to identify gaps and inconsistencies in the literature. Gomm et al, (2000) stated that the purpose of a review is to analyse critically a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies, reviews of literature, and theoretical articles. A further consideration for the literature review will not merely be a descriptive list of materials obtained, or a summary of relevant resource s, but rather to provide the framework of the research investigation and summarise the literature studied in order to develop the research study (Brink and Wood, 2001). A brief description of the anatomy and physiology of the lungs will be discussed to enhance proper understanding of the topic. Pathophysiology, aetiology and epidemiology of lung cancer will be outlined. The methodology will be described including a brief description of the models and strategies adopted in conducting the review. The review of 10 peer review papers are presented in chapters using critical appraisal tools to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the research papers. Both qualitative and quantitative primary research papers will also be used. Limitations of the literature and the process of the review will be identified. The dissertation will be structure in the following way: Chapter 2 will explore the background information about lung cancer by examining the pathophysiology, aetiology, and epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and evaluation of the disease. It also considers the rationale behind the chosen topic. Chapter 3, Research Methodology, outlining the various strategies employed to gather and analyse the sources of data. Chapter 4, Psychological distress: anxiety, depression, desire for hastened death, feeling of guilt and hopelessness. Chapter 5, Discusses the impact psychological distress has on quality of life of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. Chapter 6, Summary of findings of the literature reviewed. Chapter 7, Limitations of the literature reviewed. Chapter 8, Limitations of the whole literature reviewing process. Chapter 9, Conclusion and Recommendations, distils the key points and relates them to proper management of lung cancer. It also proposes a number of recommendations to tackle the problems identified above. CHPTER 2 Lung cancer 2.1 Introduction The study is to identify the psychological impact of newly diagnosed lung cancer on the patient. Lung Cancer is a disease that begins in the tissue of the lungs. To better understand lung cancer, it is vital to understand the anatomy and physiology of the lungs. 2.2 Anatomy and physiology of the lungs The lungs are two cone-shaped structures positioned on either side of the heart. In the mediastinum. They are sponge-like organs that are part of the respiratory system. During breathing, air enters the mouth or nasal cavity and travels down the trachea. The trachea, divides into two smaller tubes: the right bronchus and the left bronchus. The right bronchus enters the right lung and the left bronchus enters the left lung. The right and left bronchus branch into bronchioles. These bronchioles end in tiny balloon-like air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli are where oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances are exchanged between the lungs and the blood stream. (Gould, 2006). Pathophysiology, aetiology and epidemiology of lung cancer Lung cancer is a term, which covers a collection of several different forms of malignant tumour arising in the lungs and in the major airways (The Royal College of Physicians, 2005). There are two major types of lung cancer, non-small cell and small cell. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) arises from epithelial cells which is the most common type of lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer begins in the nerve cells or hormone-producing cells of the lung. The term small cell refers to the size and shape of the cancer cells when seen under a microscope. According to (McCance and Heuther 2005) the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80% of all lung cancers. There are different types of NSCLC, these are: Squamous cell carcinoma (also called epidermoid carcinoma). This is the most common type of NSCLC. It forms in the lining of the bronchial tubes and is the most common type of lung cancer in men. Adenocarcinoma. This is found in the glands of the lungs that produce mucus. This is the most common type of lung cancer in women and also among people who have not smoked. Bronchioalveolar carcinoma. This is a rare subset of adenocarcinoma. It forms near the lungs air sacs. Recent clinical research by Scullion and Henry (1998) has shown that this type of cancer responds more effectively to the newer targeted therapies Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma. This cancer forms near the surface, or outer edges, of the lungs. It can grow rapidly. The small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as (MacCance and Huether, 2005) puts it, accounts for about 20% of all lung cancers. Although the cells are small, they multiply quickly and form large tumors that can spread throughout the body. Smoking is almost always the cause of SCLC. Lung cancer begins when cells in the lungs grow out of control and form a tumor. A tumor can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). A cancerous tumor is a collection of a large number of cancer cells that have the ability to spread to other parts of the body. A lung tumor can begin anywhere in the lungs (Muers et al, 2001). According to Hughes and Pride (1999), once a cancerous lung tumor begins to grow, it may or may not shed cancer cells. These cells can be carried away in blood or float away in the natural fluid called lymph, which surrounds lung tissue. Lymph flows through the lymphatic vessels that drain into lymph nodes. Cancer cells metastasise when it leaves its site of origin and moves into a lymph node or to a far away part of the body through the bloodstream. The location and size of the initial lung tumor, and whether it has spread to lymph nodes or more distant sites, determines the stage of lung cancer. The type of lung cancer and stage of the disease determine what type of treatment is needed. The staging system describes the extent of the disease at the time and therefore provides a basis for treatment and prognosis. The staging systems as described by McCances and Huether, (2006) are based on the following: The size of the primary tumour (T); The extent of regional lymph nodes (N); and The spread of the tumor (M). Lung cancer is the most common form of cancer in the UK, resulting in 36,000 deaths each year (DOH, 2007). Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer motality in the UK: In every 15 minutes, a new diagnosis is made with approximately 40,000 fresh cases every year (NICE, 2009). It remains the most frequent of all malignant diseases and the one with the poorest prognosis. 80 percent of effected people die within a year (DOH, 2007). Lung cancer continues to rise and is now very high in women as well as men (Hamer et al, 2008). Many epidemiological studies have assessed the extent and nature of problem in the UK, (Blackler et al, 2007) report that lung cancer occurs in people who smoke. This is supported by further research from the United States of America, including other comprehensive study conducted by Scullion and Henry (1998) that the risk of lung cancer is higher in persons who begin smoking early, continue for many years, and are considered heavy smokers. However (Gould, 2006) posited that people who dont smoke can also develop lung cancer, although this is much rarer. This confirms (McCance and Huethers, 2005) statement that people who have been in prolonged or close contact with asbestos have a higher risk of lung cancer, especially if they smoke. Lung cancer is rarely diagnosed in people younger than 40 most cases occur in people over the age of 60. 2.3 Pathogenesis, Treatment and Evaluation The treatment of lung cancer is based on the size and location of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread, and also the persons overall health. There are four basic ways to treat lung cancer: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy (NICE, 2005). Treatment options differ for each individual and may depend on other factors such as age, physical condition, and other medical problems. The goal of Surgery is to remove the part of the lung where the tumor is isolated. Chemotherapy is to kill rapidly dividing cells in the body, including cancer cells using drugs. It is the main treatment for people with small cell lung cancer. In many people, chemotherapy will enable them to live for longer, with better control of symptoms. (NICE 2009) Chemotherapy may be given on its own, or before radiotherapy. Sometimes chemotherapy and radiotherapy are given at the same time; this is known as chemoradiation. Targeted therapy is a treatments designed to target cancer cells in more specific ways, usually involving the mechanisms that cause cancer cells to grow or divide (DOH, 2007). The diagnosis of lung cancer becomes a crisis in victims life when experienced, confronting them with changes in identity, role, and social interactions and presenting them with an uncertain future (Waller and caroline, 1996). Kemp (1999) posited, the psychosocial distress can interfere with the patients healthcare and diminish his or her health and functioning. Many patients who face cancer diagnosis that require physical effects of treatment appear to experience emotional difficulties, including anxiety and depression. Equally, patients with untreated depression or anxiety may be less likely to take their cancer medication and maintain their health. Moreover they may withdraw from family or other social support services which may affect the treatment outcome. 2.4 Rationale The rationale for the choice of topic was based on a desire to understand the psychological impact of lung cancer on the patient. Often the physical effects of the cancer disease and treatment are focused more on the curative effort. Therefore, it is important for the health-care team to address psychological effects, that cancer patients normally encounter that can greatly affect their sense of well-being. Nursing is expected to deliver high quality care that is effective in promoting health and well being (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber, 2006). Evidence-based practice is a key strategy in the development of modern health services and crucial to the development of nursing practice (Parahoo, 1997). Evidence-based care as Brink and Wood (2001) suggest and supported by (Carnwell 1997), is the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients or the delivery of health services. The successful completion of the review will investigate primary r esearch. In doing so this may act as an additional information source for healthcare professionals and as a basis for further enquiry. Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Aims and research questions Against the background of the foregoing explanation, it is desirable to identify the psychological distress associated with lung cancer and how it affects the patient. The questions the review seeks to address/answer are 1. What are the psychological reactions of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients? 2. How do these psychological reactions affect physical and psychological wellbeing of theses patients? 3. What interventions can be used to address these psychological reactions of newly diagnosed lung cancer and manage them effectively? 3.2 Parameters for the literature search The chosen method is a systematic literature review of both qualitative and quantitative research in the study area. A systematic literature review as defined by (Parahoo, 1997) is a summary of research that uses explicit approach to perform a thorough literature search and critical appraisal of existing body of published knowledge to identify the valid and applicable evidence. It is a means of managing very large volumes of information to identify evidence on which recommendations can be made (Holloway and Wheeler, 2002). Studies were used if they included adults (age 45 +) who have been newly diagnosed of lung cancer. 3.3 Inclusion Criteria This review included literature published from the year 1999 onwards All papers published in English Language only. Primary research directly related to the topic and Published research articles only. 3.4 Exclusion criteria Primary research not directly related to the topic Unpublished research articles Articles published before the year 1999 Other people were involved also, people from the specialist cancer services and the librarians whose help was invaluable in developing a search strategy and in sourcing and retrieving papers. 3.5 Literature searching strategies The search was completed using electronic databases. These were the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, British Nursing Index, Northampton Full Text [emailprotected], Proquest, Medline, and PsycInfo. The Cochrane Library was searched initially to see if a similar study had been done. The other data based were then searched from 1999-2009. Medline is a nursing and medical database. It is known to be incomplete (Markinson, 2002) however (Tagney and Haines, 2009) demonstrated that a search on MEDLINE is likely to produce most of the appropriate papers because it publishes articles from a worldwide source. The hospital library service was used to find studies which were not available in full text form on the internet or locally held journals. Not all could be located; however this potentially could be a source of bias. In discussing the problems and importance of incomplete retrieval of papers, (Chalmers and Altman, 1995) argue that trials that are difficult to locate tend to be smaller and lower methodological quality than trials that are easily accessible. The key words used to search the database were LUNG CANCER, DIAGNOSIS, DEPRESSION, CANCERS, PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION, MEN, ANXIETY, ANGER, SADNESS, FEELING OF GUILT OR REGRET and PATIENTS FEELINGS. The nature of the study necessitated the use of very general terms such as lung cancer, and psychology. Sensitivity was chosen rather than specificity in the selection process and this meant that the search initially uncovered a large number of papers unrelated to the study. The result of the search was initially screened by reading the abstract online and retrieving the relevant ones using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The studies which were retrieved were screened again to make sure they fulfil all the criteria required to be used for the review. To avoid bias, this study used methods outlined by Aveyard (2008). The methods were simplified for people who are new to or have little experience in doing a literature review. As suggested by (Cutcliffe and Ward, 2003) met hods used in systematic reviews reduce the potential bias of the review. 3.6 Method of Evaluation The literature is evaluated using Greenhalg T (1997) structure for evaluating qualitative research. (See appendix 2) This model was selected because most of the research was qualitative due to the nature of the selected topic. Anxiety and depression are difficult to measure because its an emotional response and therefore immeasurable. 3,7 Method of Analysis The research is analysed using a summing up approach as described by (Aveyard, 2008) which is adopted from the approaches given by Paterson et al (2001). This model was chosen because it facilitates the extraction of themes from research literature of a diverse nature. Again is suitable for people who are new to the literature review process. The themes generated are: Psychological distress: Anxiety, depression, feeling of hopelessness and the desire for hastened death. Effect of psychological distress on quality of life of people with newly diagnosed lung cancer. 3.8 Data handling method The data was stored and subsequently analysed using data storage system described by (Cormack, 2000) this system has two commonly methods of storing data: storage in original form, and storage using computer. The printed research papers were stored in a ring binder file and a memory stick was used to store computerised data. The purpose of data storage as LoBiondo-Wood and Haber (2006) puts it has three basic related purposes: to make sure that no data are lost; to ensure that information are obtained in a way which makes it reasonably accessible; and to ensure that the researcher is able to analyse the data. A separate note book was used to store references. 3.9 Resources required and sources identified Resources required are computers, various libraries, search engines, text books, stationary, supervisor, and librarian. Sources identified are internet and printed journals. CHAPTER FOUR THEME 1 Psychological distress: Anxiety, depression, desire for hastened death, feeling of guilt and hopelessness. Following exploration of the available and chosen research for this literature review, various themes have been identified. This chapter aims to discuss and explore the reviewed literature regarding the psychological distress of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. It will discuss anxiety, depression, feeling of guilt and hopelessness which influence the disease-related factors on the desire for hastened death which have emerged from the data. Five studies (Akechi et al (2006), Turner et al, (2006), Wilson et al, (2007), (Rodin, et al 2009) and Mystakidou et al, (2008) will be examined using the methodology, discussions and analysis of the research to evaluate their findings. (See appendix 3 for research articles) In order for this to be achieved, the chapter has been divided into three sub-themes these are: Psychological distress. Anxiety and depression. Feeling of guilt/hopelessness and the desire for hastened death. There will be a small summary to conclude the chapter. 4.1 Psychological distress A cancer diagnosis can be viewed as a very stressful event for patients as they must adapt to the shock and uncertainty that such a diagnosis presents Fox et al (2006). As a result of life-threatening nature of cancer, psychological distress in cancer patients has been widely studied. Previous studies have indicated that 10-40% of cancer patients suffer from psychological distress (Skarstein, 1999). Vos et al, (2008) reported that 19% of lung cancer patients experienced depression between the time of diagnosis and initial treatment and 35% of them continued to experience the same disorder 6 months after. It is therefore vital to investigate the exact predictive factors of the psychological factors experienced by newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. The first research paper identified was conducted by Akechi et al (2006). The purpose of the study was to investigate longitudinal changes and predictive factors for psychological distress among newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. The study was conducted among 85 newly diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Data were obtained in structured interview and validated self-report questionnaires. Psychological distress was evaluated using the Profile of Mood State (POMS) scale. This scale was developed by McNair et al., 1977. The POMS scale according to Akechi et al (2006) is a self-rating scale measuring six emotional sates (tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, vigor, fatigue, and confusion) and total mood disturbance. It was hypothesized that a lower fighting spirit and a higher helplessness/hopelessness were significant predictors of total mood disturbances. Therefore initial psychological response after lung cancer diagnosis was the most relevant p redictor of subsequent psychological distress. Their findings indicate that initial mood disturbance after the disclosure of a diagnosis of cancer (shock and uncertainty) is the most relevant predictor for subsequent psychological distress and that early intervention beginning immediately after a diagnosis is one way of preventing and/or reducing subsequent psychological distress in lung cancer patients. Initial psychological response after cancer diagnosis seems to continue the subsequent illness trajectory for at least several months, although several dimensions of psychological response, including anxiety and depression, may decrease. In their words, the overall psychological distress does not decrease naturally in the usual clinical care setting. Their study has several methodological advantages as compared with other studies because the method used for collection and analysis of the data were clearly described in the study which confirms that the qualitative method used was appropriate for the study (Greenhalg, 2001). However it has several limitations and cautions must be used when interpreting its findings. First, it was stated in the methodology that the researchers were not able to obtain longitudinal data on approximately 40% of the potentially eligible subject at the time of the investigation (Akechi et al, 2006). This introduces the possibility of a selection bias (Crombie 1996). The absence of this longitudinal data mentioned demonstrate that individual level change over time could not be studied on 40% of the sample therefore the researchers could not obtain the longitudinal course of psychological distress of those people(Akechi et al, 2006). This indicate that the findings may be distorted by the bias, even though it seems to be very common and one of the most difficult issues that cannot be completely overcome in the studies focusing on advanced cancer patients. Secondly, of all, this study included up to 6 months follow-up after cancer diagnosis, the longitudinal course of patients psychological status thereafter is unclear. Six months after diagnosis may not be enough long time to evaluate the longitudinal course of distress experienced by advanced lung cancer patients. For example, a recent study, examining the course of psychological distress in metastatic breast cancer patients demonstrated that distress remained constant or declined during the illness trajectory; however distress significantly increased proximal to death (Hill et al, 2002). Considering the prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, it seems plausible that many dimensions of psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, may increase as death approaches. The convenience sampling method used also poses threat to the generalisation of the findings, because the study subjects consisted entirely of newly diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCL) patients who visited one Thoracic Oncology Division in Japan. Since patients with other lung cancer types at other sites were not examined in the study, it remains unclear whether the results can be extrapolated to patients with other lung cancer types at other sites. Lastly, psychological distress after cancer diagnosis was the only significant predictive factor of subsequent psychological distress after cancer diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, very few studies have addressed the predictive factors for psychological distress in lung cancer patients while several studies have investigated predictors for subsequent psychological distress in other types of cancers (REF). Edward and Clarke (2004) demonstrated that family functioning and patients illness characteristics were associated with anxiety and depression in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. Consequently, because the follow-up period in this study was short and the sampling method used caution must be taken when interpreting the findings. 4.2 Anxiety and Depression Depression refers to an emotional disturbance marked by the cardinal symptoms of persistent and pervasive low mood and the loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities (Skarstein et al, 2000). McPherson (2004) defined anxiety as a feeling of apprehension and fear characterized by physical symptoms such as palpitations sweating, and feelings of stress. Depression and anxiety disorders are thought to be common in palliative cancer care ( Strutkowski et al, 2008). The first study identified was conducted by Turner et al, (2006). It was a prospective observational cohort study of patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy for lung cancer. The aim was to measure psychological distress and concerns before and after treatment using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) and a concern checklist. Participants were selected randomly from radiotherapy clinics in various hospitals. Data were obtained from a group of 83 elderly patients (aged 75 and above) being treated with palliative radiotherapy for lung cancer, with a comparison group of 49 younger patients (aged 65 and under). They completed the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and a concerns checklist before and after treatment. The HADS according to Skarstein, (1999) is an instrument which rates anxiety and depression in patients with physical illness. It has two sub-scales, one assessing anxiety, and another evaluating depression. Anxiety and depression subscales of the HADS were scored using a score of 0-7 = normal, 8-10 = borderline, and 11-21 = probable case (i.e. likely to have the diagnosis of anxiety or depression confirmed after formal psychiatric assessment). The concerns checklist data were examined to provide median numbers of concerns identified by each patient group before and after treatment and, the changes over time were compared statistically. They hypothesized that majority of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients experience severe level of depression and anxiety. The result of the study shows that the 60% of young group and 40% of elderly group had anxiety. And 30% of young group and 60% of the elderly group had depression. The young group consistently ranked the illness, the future relating to the illness, family and their energy level as their major concern and the elderly group also ranked family and breathlessness as their major concern. This findings suggested that people of all ages have similar concerns and level of anxiety and depression whiles receiving palliative radiotherapy for lung cancer. A year after a similar study was conducted by Wilson et al, (2007). It examined depression and anxiety disorders in 381 patients who were receiving palliative cancer care. The study group consisted of 212 women and 169 men (age 26-93). Data was obtained through the development of a structured interview of symptoms and concerns. Depression and anxiety disorders were assessed with a modified version of the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) clinician evaluation guide. The PRIME-ED according to Fox, (2006) provides a quick screening method for a wide range of mental health disorders. The findings of the study suggested that physical symptoms (such as pain and breathlessness) as well as issues about the illness itself and its treatment were more likely to have been addressed. Anxiety and depression were the frequent individual diagnosis. But there was no association between these disorders and the time to death. However it makes it more difficult to treat their physic al symptoms. The findings from these two studies suggest that depression and anxiety disorders are common in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. However Turner et al (2006) suggested that people of all ages have similar concerns and levels of anxiety and depression while receiving palliative radiotherapy for lung cancer. Turner et als (2006) findings supported Wilson et al, (2007) because it also established that issues about the illness itself and its treatment outcome were the major concerns of the participants which influence anxiety and depression. However the two studies are limited to the method used. Turner et al (2006) clearly identified the data collection method used in the methodology. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Concerns Check List. The questionnaire was completed by patients during their first visit for radiotherapy using touch-screen technology to record their responses. This method has been validated against paper questionnaire (Holloway and Wheeler, 2002). Some patients also used the paper version of the questionnaire. Data obtained from these two methods were compared in the analysis. Follow up was made during the next visit of patients to their outpatient appointment. Lung cancer specialist nurses were used for the collection of follow-up data. Where this was not possible, questionnaire, along side paid envelopes were sent directly to the participants. Those who returned completed questionnaires were sent a letter of thanks. On the other hand, Wilson et al, (2007) used a di agnostic interview which was a modification of a protocol that has been developed for the rapid screening of mental disorders in primary rather than palliative care. Although it has been used in previous studies in oncology settings, admittedly there is not enough strong body of validating research to support it use (Skarskein, 2000). Moreover Turner et als (2006) study was conducted in the United Kingdom while Wilson et al, (2007) was conducted in Canada. This could affect the interpretation of the findings because of the existing cultural differences and healthcare systems among these two countries. Conversely, in both papers the researchers achieved excellent sample sizes and responses (LoBiondo-Wood, 2006). Greenhalg (2001) stated that when examining studies it is important to distinguish whether the sampling strategy is appropriate for the design of the study and level of evidence provided by the design. Turner et al, (2006) selected a sample size of 191 patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy in radiotherapy centres in various hospitals. From this, 132 were recruited into the study, 83 elderly and 49 younger patients. Wilson et al, (2007) selected an eligible sample of 381 lung cancer patients receiving palliative care in eight sites across Canada. In both studies the researchers achieved excellent sample size and response rate. The sample sizes were large enough to give an accurate picture of what is going on (Greenhalg, 2001). Crombie (2008) stated that studies which use too small sample size often fail to detect clinically important effects. Moreover both studies used random sampling to recruit participants for the studie

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

The Process of Writing: Composing through Critical Thinking, by Roberta

Sally caught the ball. The long-haired, athletic Sally gathered up all her strength and stretched, like Stretch Arm Strong, to grab that ball right out of the sky above. Which one sounds better? Which one would you rather have in your paragraph? With some simple things to keep in mind, you too can write better. The book entitled, The Process of Writing: Composing through Critical Thinking, by Roberta Allen and Marcia Mascolini, taught you everything from thinking before you write to putting things together, all the way to how to prepare specific forms of essays. It's definitely something you should read before even thinking about another paper. First of all, before you can write and actual paper, you must first go through certain steps in order to prepare the essay, and then when the time comes you can write your essay with ease and add detail. When you have a clear head you can write so much easier, although it is hard to obtain that mind set. Getting your thought down on paper without worrying about the perfection and detail helps the whole writing process and analysis. The first thing to do before even starting to brainstorm is to figure out whom your audience is, who are you aiming the paper to? You need to make your message meaningful to your audience, and make sure you think about what the audience needs, expectations, knowledge, and attitudes towards your subject are. Anticipate their questions and how they will respond to your answers. Some key ideas to think about when assessing your audience are to think of the primary and secondary readers are. Then what do they already know about your subject, and what c haracteristics about your audience will affect how the paper will look? Then think about what i... ... memos, shows you how to write proposals and progress reports, and how to document secondary sources. In conclusion, this book was amazingly informative and very helpful. It is definitely something that every student should read before writing another paper. It lays out the dos and don'ts of the writing process; it is great way to improve your technique. This book went all the way from showing you exactly how to write certain types of papers, such as long messages and memos all the way to compare and contrast papers, to showing you how to write in detail with all papers. This book is definitely something that I would recommend to future students. Especially in business classes, or any writing classes for that matter. Writing is a huge part of communication, and this book helped with the fundamentals that many people lack but are essential in the long run.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Parallel LellaraP

Then Nodal thought to himself, â€Å"What if there was a parallel world Now we enter the life of London, who is doing anything except for read Eng a book. â€Å"l really hate doing homework,† London said. â€Å"To bad it's the beginning of the year. † his friend Christian said. Just like Nodal, London wanted the new parallel universe e machine, but they both don't have the money. Even though they were very opposite, the e machine was the only thing Nodal and London wanted. So for Christmas London got the machine, and for Nodal graduation ca me around and they tooth got the machine.But the thing is, it din ‘t come with batteries. Know a powerful device that let's you travel from universe to Universe needs batteries. The battery is not going to stop them the machine has a lot of money an d they didn't have the money for batteries. So every day London and Nodal asked their parents for money. They asked their friends for money, they asked their enemies for money, and they even asked complete strangers for money. Until one day London and Nodal did the last thing they could, they took the batteries out of the remote.So when London and Nod mol got the batteries out of the remote and into the machine, they were ready. They powered it up and selected maneuvered for the destination on dial and there was a flash! The next thing they knew London and Nodal were in each other s universes. To them everything looked the same but little did they know everything was a bout to change. â€Å"Where am l? ‘ London said â€Å"everything looks the same except there is no TV in this room. Is it my room in this world? † London was so shocked he didn't know what to d o. But there is no time for Loon's stories.Now we travel to where Nodal went. â€Å"Where am I? ‘ Nodal said â€Å"Oh no I traveled to a world without any books! Oh hers one, City of Ember, what is this? ‘ As London on and Nodal were just getting used to the worlds they've tra veled to, they read the box the machine came in which said â€Å"Thank you for buying the world traveler 237 please be noted that this machine only goes one way then disappears until you buy another one. Once again thanks oh and have a good day. † â€Å"Alright I had enough fun time to go back. Oh no, where did the machine go? † London said frightened.Someone should have told him to read the box. â€Å"It's time to go baa KC to my world, I can't stay in a world no books. Where's the machine, I musty misplaced it I'll find it Oh no I can't find it I'm stuck here forever!!!! † Nodal said. It took London and Nodal a very long time to get used to the new world they were in. But finally they had to except the fact that they were never going back to t heir old worlds. And in the end, they forgot all about going to different universes and just live d their life. That's why you should always read the box.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Democracy in Athens essays

Democracy in Athens essays From Athens to Today: The Evolution of Democracy The form of political organization that evolved in the polis of Athens over the course of the sixth, fifth, and fourth centuries B.C. is one of the most well-known legacies of the Greco-Roman world. This idea, known as democracy, is now widely accepted as the most desirable form of human political organization. Moreover, the Athenian democracy represents one of the longest periods of popular self-government in human history, equaled among modern countries only by the United States. The Greek word demokratia can be translated literally as the people possess the political power in the state. An Athenian invention, democracy, is traditionally credited to Kleisthenes, but the reforms of 508 and 507 B.C. that go under his name were the result of many different forces. Democracy continued to develop over nearly two centuries from 508 to 322. While democracy got its roots in ancient Greece, it is important to make a distinction between ancient democracy and the various modern versions of government under the same name. In ancient Greece, the government of the people by the people and for the people was carried out directly by the citizens, whereas in modern democracies voters (who are not necessarily citizens) elect representatives to take decisions on their behalf and have no direct access to political power on a day-to-day basis. Athens, it seems, was a direct, not representative, democracy. The structure and functioning of the Athenian direct democracy differed greatly from those of our representative democracy. There were no government departments, no civil service, and only a limited archive system. Decisions were taken and executed directly by the Athenian people. Much of the appeal of the ancient democracy rested upon the attractiveness of two closely related ideas: first, that all citizens, despite differences in their socio-economic standing, should ha...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Alcoholism essays

Alcoholism essays Alcoholism is a chronic disease caused by a craving for alcohol. People suffering from this illness are referred to as alcoholics. They do not know how to control there drinking problem even when it causes a serious harm to their health and this could lead to medical disorders, marital difficulties, job loss, or automobile crashes. Alcoholism can be influenced by genetic, psychological and social factors. It cannot be cured, but many treatment options can help an alcoholic to avoid drinking and live a healthy and safe life. When a person consumes alcohol, the stomach and intestines rapidly absorb it. From there alcohol travels in the blood throughout the entire body, affecting nearly every tissue. High doses of alcohol depress the functions of the central nervous system, including the brain. The higher the alcohol level in the blood, the greater the impairment (Encarta). As the blood passes through the liver, enzymes break down alcohol into byproducts, which are eliminated after six to eight hours from the body. The alcohol remains in the body, producing intoxicating effects after the last drink is taken. Smaller quantities of alcohol reduce inhibitions and produce feeling of relaxation and happiness. Larger amounts of alcohol causes greater impairment to the brain and usually impairs sexual performance, particularly in males. When a person is intoxicated, theyre thinking and perception skills become blunt. Alcohol reduces anxiety, guilt, worries and often leaves a person feeling good about themselves (Goon 261). If drinking continues to happen it can lead to loss of physical control and possibly death. There are three types of effects of alcohol on various organs and tissues. These effects include the short, long and withdrawal symptoms. During the short-term effects the brain is mostly affected. The drinkers judgement and thinking becomes dulled. The perso...

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Briefly Describe the Nature of the Recent Global Financial Crisis Essay

Briefly Describe the Nature of the Recent Global Financial Crisis (GFC) - Essay Example The governments of almost all the nations had to come up with packages that are required to move out from such a situation. The financial crisis will shed its impacts around the globe due to globalization. The livelihood of all people at every corner will feel the heat of crisis (World Bank, 2009). Financial Crisis The collapse of the U.S. housing market regarded as the housing bubble is characterized as one of the prime reason for the situation to arrive. The collapse resulted in surge of mortgage loan defaults (World Health Organization, 2009, 2). The collapse of the real estate market and the subprime mortgage market of the U.S. had the severe effects around the globe. Uncertainties accrued in the financial systems. The creditors involved themselves in pulling out their funds and cashed out securities that were issued by the financial institutions (Jalilian, n.d., 1). These lead to failure of many institutions while others struggled to survive poorly. The loan and credit possibili ties from the bank dried up (Baily, Litan, and Johnson, M., 2008, 11). There was a downturn in the share market as investors dumped their holdings. The system lost the confidence. In order to create securitization, the banks started to borrow more money. As long as the banks can pull out money by selling loans on the basis of securities, they did not feel the dependency to rely on the savers (European Commission, 2009, 8). Some of the banks even moved into mortgages. There was pressure from the government to serve the poor and the loans offered to the poor were risky as there was the fear of default (Roitman, 2009). They used to buy the mortgage in order to securitize them and then sell them. Some of the banks started to buy securities as well. This increased the exposure of the banks to risks. When the problem got realized, the process of lending got slowed. Some of the banks were on the verge of the most risky loans which was beyond the intention of the investors. The lenders fell upon to take back their loans. The investment banks fell drastically as they had no or little deposits. The problem got intensified and even the banks with large capital reserves began to feel the pressure. They turned to the government for support. The banks began to feel nervous to loan out the injected money and the shrinking banks sucked money out of the economy. Many economies are (or have been) in recession, technically defined as 2 or more quarters of negative growth or contraction of real GDP, for example the economies of the US, Japan, the Euro area, UK, and New Zealand (but not Australia). Among the other effects include rise in the level of unemployment, rising in the levels of international and domestic debt, crisis in housing and mortgage, failure of key businesses such as automobile industry of U.S., along with various banks and housing lenders. There were downturns in the share market along with declines in the wealth of the consumers. The volumes of international tr ade and investment declined. There has been some recovery with the assistance of the governments such as stimulatory spending (but often financed by further debt), financial institution guarantees and buyouts, and assistance to industries (but needed to be within the framework of WTO rules and agreements). In order to combat with the situation of fall in confidence it was necessary to inject liquidity into the financial institu

Friday, November 1, 2019

History of architecture and interior design Essay

History of architecture and interior design - Essay Example According to Quorum Architects (2013) Interior design can be defined as multi-faceted profession in which creative and technical solutions are applied within a structure to achieve a built interior environment. These solutions are functional, enhance the quality of life and culture of the occupants and are aesthetically attractive. (Quorum Architects, 2013) 3. Objective of the Paper: The objective of this essay is to find the answer of the following question in relation to the architecture and interior designing. The question is â€Å"In what ways did the ‘neo-Palladian’ Cheswick House by William Kent and Lord Burlington embody neoclassical values†. Image 1: Longleat House of the year 1580, example of Neo Palladian Work. 4. Neo Palladian Covept of architecture: Neo-Palladianism is the term associated with the style of architecture. It is used to describe the style of architecture developed in Britain in the early eighteenth century. The implement of this style was first implemented by Lord Burlington and his group of architects. The architecture was mainly developed on Palladio’s villas as well as in palaces rather than on the church. For a long period of time, this style was not applicable in the interior designing as well as in the architecture. ... His aim was to develop a new taste of Palladianism style in Britain. His new style of work was reflected on the structure and the design of buildings like Chiswick House etc. According to the analysis, Burlington's promotion of Palladio's work and the dissemination of ideas through architectural treatises and builders' companions led to a quite different style of architecture. Neo-Palladianism emphasized certain building types and stylistic features. Structure like Vilas and palace-terraces were busily erected across Britain, with columns, pediments deployed repeatedly on their facades. (Architecture.com, nd). Image 2: A villa with a superimposed portico, example of Neo Palladian architecture. 5. Neo Classical Architecture: According to Hopkins (2009), neoclassical architecture is based on ancient Greek and Roman principles of design principles, rules of scale, classical orders and proportion. This type of architecture was started in the 16th century by the work of Andrea Pallado dur ing the Italian Renaissance period. In the 18th century this architecture work became fashionable in England and France as well. According to his review, the advancement of this architecture was carried out by the French Academy in Rome. The advancement was first noticed in the design of Petit Trianon, the Pantheon and the Arc de Triomphe in Paris etc. He also pointed out the fact that since then the English architecture group adopted the same culture. Among all the sculpture of the England, one of the well discussed and best example of Palladian style of Neoclassical architecture was Cheswick House in London. (Hopkins, 2009, p.119). According to his view, after the independence war in 1812 in America the

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

The Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

The Internet - Essay Example As such, there are various advantages and disadvantages that are realized, and this forms the basis for an analytical analysis of the critical inferences that can be drawn from readings that touch on various implications that the internet has presented to the contemporary society particularly in line with cultural implications. In light of the above, What is the Elephant in the Digital Room is an article that tries to look at the different changes that have characterized the digital revolution. It compares the rate at which information and media is being created in the current world of digital supremacy against the pre-existing rates and definitions that demarcated the creation and sharing of media. To this end, there is the realization that the digital revolution has greatly transformed the very element of life in relation to how we interact with technology and how we partake media and online data. From the amount of information being created particularly for the online platform, to the sheer amount of time that we spend online, the digital revolution is depicted as having changed the way that we consume information and data. Additionally, the internet started off as a tool to ease communication and the availability of essential data. However, it has now transformed into a form of necessity that nobody ca n exist without. In many situations, the internet is no longer optional, and is in fact becoming some form of basic need that almost everybody needs in order to survive. In many respects, mobile communication and the advent of the internet has had more implications on humans than any other form of development in the entire human history. This highlights the relatively staggering levels of adoption that has characterized its intake in almost all factions of human life. While other inventions and developments could catch up in certain parts of the world and fail to catch up in others, mobile communication and the internet has caught up in every

Monday, October 28, 2019

Misconception of Identifying Ethnic Groups by Cultural Elements Essay Example for Free

Misconception of Identifying Ethnic Groups by Cultural Elements Essay Misconception of Identifying Ethnic Groups by Cultural Elements The common misconception in relating ethnicity and culture is to define ethnic groups by cultural elements. Firstly, ethnic group is a category of people which is bound together by common characteristics that differentiate them from other groups. On the other hand, culture is a system of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people. Culture consists of values, beliefs, religion, experiences, behaviours and traditions acquired by a group of people that is passed down generations by generations (Browaeys Price, 2008). In my essay, I would like to clarify that ethnic groups cannot be defined by their cultural elements with several examples. Commonly, characteristics and traits of an ethnic group is identified by its cultural elements. Elements such as language, religion and customs are used to differentiate a group and another. Specified cultural elements are categorized to represent different types of ethnic groups. However this assumption is not suitable to apply in many situations. It is troublesome to identify ethnic group by cultural elements. This is because the people within an ethnic group does not necessarily possess the identical cultural elements. For instance, the Cham people in Vietnam belong to one ethnic entity, however in different areas this group of people possess different cultural elements. The Cham people in south central of Vietnam and in Mekong Delta have distinctive differences in religion, language and customs. In the south central Vietnam, the Cham practise localized Hinduism and Islam as religion. They speak south central dialect and their writing is originated from a script in Sanskrit. In term of custom, these Cham people are considered matrilineal and practice exogamy. On the contrary, the Cham in Mekong Delta majorly practise Islam. They speak in Mekong Delta dialect and their writing derived from the Jawi script. In their custom, they are loosely matrilineal and practice endogamy(1). This shows that cultural elements are not suitable to determine an ethnic group. People of the same ethnic group may not necessarily practice the same culture. In the study of the Kachin people from Burma, Edmund Leach mentioned â€Å"the mere fact that two groups of people are of different culture does not necessarily imply – as has nearly always been assumed – that they belong to two quite different social systems (Leach 1954: 17)(2). To consider ethnic group as cultural group will fail to address many aspects of ethnic phenomena. Large population of the Kachin people lives in the Kachin Hill in northern Burma’s Kachin State and in neighbouring areas of China and India. They speak different languages and dialects; there is a wide difference in cultures between the same ethnic group in different area. To support this statement, I would like to provide an example; the Malay people who belonged to one ethnic entity in Malaysia are influenced by different customs. Malay people practice two distinct types of customs, the Adat Temenggung and Adat Pepatih. The former is originated from Minangkabau and widely practiced by most of the Malay states. Adat Temenggung emphasizes on patrilineal kinship structure in matters such as inheritance. In contrast, the Adat Pepatih is only practiced in Negeri Sembilan. It emphasizes more on matrilineal kinship structure, in which women gain benefit in matters such as inheritance and marriage (Shuid, Osman Othman, 2006). This depicts that people of the same ethnic group practise various and wide range of customs. Thus, it is difficult to define ethnic group by cultural elements. In the 19th and 20th century, large wave of immigrants from China came to Malaya. Now, Chinese people are the second largest ethnic in Malaysia. Majority of these Chinese are Han Chinese. There is wide spread of Chinese people in every state of Malaysia, espeacially in the town areas. Even though they are grouped as one ethnic entity, their cultural elements varied widely. Most of the local Chinese practise Buddhism and a small number of them have faith in Christianity and Islam. Futhermore, they speak variety of dialects such as Mandarin, Hokkien, Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew and many more. For example, most of the Chinese in Penang speak Hokkien whereas most of the Chinese in Kuala Lumpur speak Cantonese. Thus, the cultural elements of an ethnic are not fixed, the elements varied greatly to the extent that it is difficult to determine an ethnic group by its cultural elements. Besides that, the influence of political and economical circumstances has changes the cultural elements of the people while the ethnic identity remains. As time passes by, people within an ethnic group spread, share, learn and adapt cultures of other ethnic groups. There is the tendency for different cultures to overlapse in a society. For instance, the Chinese immigrants that came to Malaya in the late 15th to 16th century were known as Peranakan Chinese. This group of immigrants consists of merchants, traders, and those who came to escape economic hardships in mainland China. They embraced the Malay customs and cultures. Most of the Peranakan Chinese engaged in intermarriage with the local Malay. However, there are part of Peranakan Chinese people without Malay ancestry. They belong to Chinese ethnic but adopted the combination of Chinese and Malay cultures. The Malay language and cultures are assimilated into their daily lives, however their ethnic and religious origins still remain. These Peranakan Chinese speak Malay language, wear the baju kebaya, a Malay traditional clothing, and developed their cuisine with mainly Malay spices in their every day lives, they still belong to Chinese ethnic (Tan Chee Beng, 1993). Their ethnic identity cannot be determined by merely identifying their cultural elements. In conclusion, I would like to emphasize my point that ethnic groups cannot be defined by their cultural elements. Ethnic groups can hardly be measured by cultural traits as a matter of fact cultural boundaries do no always go accordingly with ethnic boundaries. Cultural traits of an ethnic group is not always fixed, people of the same ethnic group do not necessarily possess the same cultural elements. To determine ones ethnic identity by identifying his or her cultural elements with the typical cultural elements of an ethnic group is not right. The ethnic identity of a person will still remain unchanged even if his cultural elements have changed. As stated by Michael Moerman, â€Å"Someone is Lue by virtue of believing and calling himself Lue and of acting in ways that validate his Lueness† (Moerman, 1965:1219)(3). Ethnic identity can be claimed by one’s self but not by determining its cultural elements. Bibliography Browaeys M. J. , Price R. (2008) Understanding Cross Cultural Management. New York: Pearson Education. Mahdi Shuid, Suzani Osman, Sazlina Othman. (2006) Sejarah Malaysia. Petaling Jaya: Longman . Tan, C. B. (1993). Chinese Peranakan Heritage in Malaysia and Singapore. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn Bhd. (1)(2)Power Point Slides: What is an ethnic group? Ethnic Troubles Theories of Ethnicity. (3)Reading 1: Ethnic identification in a complex civilization: who are the lue?

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Power of Art, Creativity, and Imagination in Children’s Literature Essa

Power of Art, Creativity, and Imagination in Children’s Literature â€Å"Imagination is the true magic carpet ride,† as Norman Vincent Peale once said. Indeed this proves to be true in Crockett Johnson’s, Harold and the Purple Crayon, when Harold, a small boy with a large imagination, creates his world using a purple crayon. Also, Leo Lionni uses a mouse named Fredrick to capture â€Å"colors† and â€Å"sunrays† in his Caldecott winning book Fredrick. However, imagination is not the only tool utilized in these books; art, and the power found in creativity are equally stressed. Also, while both books contain these three elements they address them in different ways. Both Harold and the Purple Crayon and Fredrick illustrate art as a medium for imagination and power; however, Fredrick emphasizes the effect of art on the community while Harold plays with his purple crayon seeing it a source for his own entertainment. Fredrick, a small field mouse, comes from the well spring of Leo Lionni’s mind to symbolize the impact art and imagination has on the community. Fredrick, unlike the rest of ...

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Teacher Cadet Essay

Often times we do not consider how a teacher has influenced us. Teachers influence whether we realize it or not can alter a student’s perspective on life. A great many of my previous teachers have left a lasting impression on me that will never be forgotten. I do admit there were much contentment, anguish and memorable things that directly connects me to them. Without my teachers, it is highly impossible for me to stand and be here today. One name in particular stands firm among others and that is Mr. Jesse L. Barrett. Mr. Barrett was my English II Honors teacher my sophomore year in high school. Sadly, he was only my English teacher for one year. I honestly could not have asked for a better teacher. At the same time as making me smile and laugh, he ultimately helped me to be successful in life. Initially, I did not enjoy English as much anymore due to a bad string of teachers who lectured endlessly on random topics other than English. He changed my outlook on life and helped me regain my passion for English. Mr. Barrett motivated me to not settle for mediocre work and to do my absolute best in anything I strived for. I never imagined that I would encounter a teacher that was as meticulous as Mr. Barrett. Everything he did had a specific place and order. He never accepted late work because we were in an honors class that required you to be punctual. This taught me how to be prompt, a skill that will help when I attend college next fall. Mr. Barrett honestly loved teaching and you could hear it in his voice; the way he would sound so excited when we read the Great Gatsby. He creates this atmosphere that causes students to feel comfortable and at ease. Everyone anticipated going to class and were quick to engage in current book discussions. Conveying information to students so they will fully comprehend the standard is his specialty. Although he was very kind and helpful when any issue developed, he was a very strict and concerned educator. Discipline was highly enforced in his classroom which influenced me to be the best student I could possibly be. Mr. Barrett has this method where he asks for input and invites the student to participate in class activities. For example, He would divide the class into groups according to our grade averages. Using this method, I quickly discovered that students in the group are in fact helping one another in answering the questions. It is a very exceptional way in learning English. During the activity, students can consult him and ask questions as well. Before the class ends, he would take out 10 to 20 minutes to summarize his teaching and sometimes even motivate us with stories that he encounters during his days outside of school. Whether he knows it or not, Mr. Barrett has influenced me tremendously. It is amazing how one individual can have such an impact on students. He simply guided me to success and I am honored to have been in such a rigorous and competitive class. Challenging me was really the driving force that connected me to him because I never felt as if the work was too easy or vague. Today, I honestly still believe he has helped me in such a way that it will follow me into my post-secondary career.