7 Classes and Types of Phrases

7 Classes and Types of Phrases 7 Classes and Types of Phrases 7 Classes and Types of Phrases By Mark Nichol Phrase is such a banal term for two or more words that convey an idea that it may surprise you that there are seven types of phrases, with variations. Here, with pertinent phrases in sample sentences formatted in boldface, is a rundown of the categories: 1. Absolute Phrase An absolute phrase is a modifying parenthetical or subordinate phrase of a root sentence that includes a subject but does not have an acting verb so cannot stand on its own as sentence: â€Å"Their effort to regain the lead successful, the team continued to score until they pulled ahead by a wide margin. 2. Appositive Phrase An appositive phrase is one that restates a preceding term, or expands or explains it, in a parenthetical statement. There are three variations of appositive phrases: â€Å"Her dog, a bull mastiff, looks ridiculous with a pink bow stuck to her head† features a noun phrase. â€Å"His favorite hobby, knitting, is rather unusual for a man† includes a gerund phrase. â€Å"The Tahitian’s ambition, to become an ice skater, is unexpected† has an infinitive phrase. Note that these three types of phrases are explained below; the distinction in the phrase types as applied above, as opposed to the types described below, is that each type serves as the basis for an appositive phrase; on their own, they need not be appositive, or set off. 3. Gerund Phrase A gerund phrase includes a verbal, a hybrid that functions as a noun (or adjective). There are three distinct functions: â€Å"Juggling knives is not recommended as a relaxation technique† includes a gerund phase as the subject of the sentence. â€Å"I’m going for a long walk off a short pier† features a gerund phrase as the sentence’s object. â€Å"She’s saving up for a vacation in Antarctica† has a gerund phrase as the object of a preposition. 4. Infinitive Phrase An infinitive phrase includes the word to and a verb as the basis of a modification of a root sentence: â€Å"His effort to pass the bill doomed his political ambitions† includes an infinitive phrase that functions as an adjective modifying the previous noun. â€Å"He plans to see the movie† features an infinitive phrase that functions as the sentence’s object. â€Å"To write of the experience is to dredge up unpleasant memories† has an infinitive phrase that functions as the sentence’s subject. â€Å"To say as much is to admit guilt† includes an infinitive phrase that serves as predicate nominative, or a substitute subject. â€Å"I went to the store to buy some ice cream† features an infinitive phrase that stands as an adverb (modifying the verb went). 5. Noun Phrase A noun phrase consists of a person, place, or thing and any modifiers: â€Å"This is a grammar lesson.† It may include one or more adjectives (as grammar modifies lesson here). It might include a noun and a modifying clause: â€Å"This is a lesson that explains the various types of phrases.† It might take the form of one of three other types of phrase: infinitive, participial, and prepositional. (The infinitive phrase is discussed above, and the latter two types are described below.) Many noun phrases are continuous; they consist of words in sequence. However, a noun phrase may be discontinuous, meaning that it is broken up into more than one element: â€Å"This lesson is one that explains the various types of phrases.† 6. Participial Phrase A participial phrase consists of verbals ending in -ing or -ed, or another irregular form of a verb, and serves as an adjective: The participial phrase in â€Å"Having been lied to before, I was wary† modifies the word I. The phrase may be parenthetical within a sentence, too: In â€Å"You, knowing what you now know, are in a better position to judge,† the participial phrase modifies the word you. 7. Prepositional Phrase A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and a noun or pronoun that serves as the preposition’s object, and often one or more adjectives: â€Å"I went for a walk in the dark woods.† Prepositional phrases are often located at the head of a sentence. â€Å"When the sun went down, I hurried back.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational WritingAwoken or Awakened?20 Ways to Cry

Tinton Falls Lodging Reality vs Unites States DMC Research Paper

Tinton Falls Lodging Reality vs Unites States DMC - Research Paper Example This discussion stresses that the area of law that is applied to the case is the law of contract. The parties that yarer involved in the case are the government and supplies organization. The case can be considered a federal case as the body involved is a federal body. The state of the case is in the appellate stage. The laws that are applied in the case are the federal laws the laws makes the court to construct a statutory law. The subject matter in the case is on government procurements and the legal issue is preemption of the laws of contract. The party that prevails according to the opinion of the court is the government who offered the contract. The legal role that the court creates in the situation is the rule of contracts, mainly awarding of contracts.From this paper it is clear that  the United States department on Navy on February 19 2013 issued a contract number N3220513-R-6005. This solicitation involved the coordination and management of lodging and transportation for c ivil service marines. The group at the time was completing the training that they had at a training center in Freehold. The contract was issued by MSC under the North America Industrial Classification system.  The main requirement of the solicitation was to provide enough rooms at lodging facilities in the area around the training center. The contract also needed transportation from the lodging facilities to the training center.

Gussing the Fiscal Cliff's Fate Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gussing the Fiscal Cliff's Fate - Article Example As stated by the then presidential candidates, the White House, Federal Reserve Chairman and Congress Members, the event of going over the cliff would have been destructive and irresponsible. This paper will give a brief of the guessing of the fate of the fiscal cliff. The guessing of the fiscal cliff’s fate was centered on who between the two presidential candidates would make it to the Office. Questions were rife whether the Congress would push the financial system over the economic cliff. The functionality of Washington was questioned in light of speculation that the president to be elected, and the Congress would allow taxes to shoot up and government spending to be reduced, all with the risk of a renewed recession. It will be remembered that, in August 2011, it was agreed between President Obama and the Congress that annual federal spending would be reduced by $900 billion spread over a 10 year period (Wall, 2012). That was approximately a 33 percent cut of the total fede ral budget. In a bid to accomplish more, President Obama signed into law a bill passed by the Congress that required spending cuts in all sectors from 31st December 2012. That was unless an agreement was reached on an amalgamation of tax increases and benefit cuts that would save another $1.2 trillion in 10 years. It was gambled on Wall Street that the Congress would get a way out of the quagmire after the election by making an arrears deal or calling off the whole thing. Some Democrats ironically argued that if the nation went over the fiscal cliff, it would give them a better chance to negotiate with the Republicans, come 2013. Some Republicans, too, had the same opinion. However, it was difficult at that time to differentiate between genuine convictions and bargaining rants (Wall, 2012). Those who believed that Mitt Romney would win the elections also believed that Congress would suspend the whole issue up to mid-2013 in order to allow him time to design a budget. On the other ha nd, President Obama’s supporters believed that if he won, the dynamics would depend on whether the victory was strong enough or by a trivial margin. Further, the fate would also be determined by the number of Senate seats won or lost by Republicans in the House. As presidential elections drew nearer, polls indicated that incumbent President Obama would retain his seat, and the Congress would remain much as it was. In that case, sympathetic senators and administration optimists from both parties foresaw a situation where the president would offer a new plan that would curb increases in benefits, especially Medicare, than the previous proposals. Bipartisan negotiations would also be seen, in which instant down payment, albeit small, would be availed towards reduction of the federal deficit on items that enjoyed bipartisan support. From the negotiations, instructions would be issued to appropriate congressional committees requiring them to sketch tax reform laws (Wall, 2012). Th e draft laws would be expected to raise revenue amounts decided upon and also find another amount agreed on for savings from benefit agendas within 2013 through procedures that require 51 senate votes for approval. Finally, the negotiations were expected to offer a contingency plan that both the president and Congress could live with, not like the previous one. The plan was expected to materialize from among the several bipartisan anti-deficit strategies proposed. However, all the assumption was

Student behaviour Essay Example for Free

Student behaviour Essay (This essay is written in a detailed manner. Students can be asked to summarise it in 250 words. Common usages which can be studied are given in italics. Alternative vocabulary is given in brackets. Teachers can encourage students to pay special attention to these words.) Poor student behaviour is a major problem faced by schools across the globe especially in the western world. This is due to (this can be attributed to) certain sociological and psychological problems that are encountered, while bringing up children. Both parents and teachers should play a responsible role in tackling (handling, solving, dealing with) this problem effectively. Parents today have too many responsibilities, other than (apart from) looking after the affairs of their families, which has resulted in children getting less attention and care. Parents need to inculcate (instill) good values in young children and discipline them at an early age, or else (if not) it would result in disruptive (unruly) behaviour at home and in school. In many instances, children are left alone in the company of television sets, computer screens and toys, and consequently, (as a consequence, as a result) they fail to develop (lack) interpersonal skills and human values, which they learn by interacting with their parents and siblings. Furthermore, parents provide them with many material comforts, which can sometimes (may) make them selfish and greedy. Children who come from such family backgrounds (would) often create many problems for teachers and their schoolmates. Parents should never shy away from (shirk their responsibility of) spending quality time with their children on a regular basis, which would help them to monitor their children’s behaviour and give suitable advice whenever there is a need. Another reason for problematic behaviour among children is that teachers lack effective training in dealing with children who have various behavioural and psychological inadequacies (problems). Children, who come from broken or problematic families, in order to ventilate their frustration, often create problems in schools, which can only be tackled by trained teachers or counsellors. Many teachers become defensive and show little tact when children show such behavioural abnormalities. Erratic handling of such problems can result in (lead to) aggravating the issue. I believe that this problem can be effectively addressed if parents and teachers are trained in scientific ways of dealing with children. Schools should appoint specially trained counsellors, who can assist teachers in dealing with problematic children. As mentioned above, both parents and teachers have a crucial role to play in normalising the behaviour of children in schools. Scientific ways of handling children with troublesome behaviour can go a long way in dealing with them efficiently.

Andrea Dworkin :: essays research papers fc

Andrea Dworkin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrea Dworkin has been an influential write, speaker, and activist for over two decades. She claims to be a feminist, and that her ideas are beneficial to women. This paper will show that many of her most popular beliefs are not only detrimental to society, but also not in the best interests of women.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In letters from a war zone, Andrea Dworkin presents a collection of speeches and short articles she has composed during her career as a writer and activist. Many of her articles deal with censorship and pornography. One claim is central to all of these, pornography is an act and not an idea, thus censorship is not relevant to it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In response to a New York Time Review of her 1981 book, Pornography: Men Possessing Women, Dworkin writes, â€Å"Pornography says the women want to be hurt, forced, and abused; pornography says women want to be raped, battered, kidnapped, maimed; pornography says women want to be humiliated, shamed, defamed, pornography says that women say no but mean yes - Yes to violence, yes to pain.† (Dworkin p 203)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In response to Dworkin's fiery rhetoric, Wendy Mcelroy writes that Dworkin has scientific backing and even cites evidence to the contrary. â€Å"In Japan, where pornography depicting violence is widely available, rape is much lower per capita than in the United States, where violence in porn is restricted.† Mcelroy attacks the belief that pornography cause violence, stating that even if a correlation is present, is does not necessarily mean there is a causal relationship. (McElroy 102)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lynne Segal sees in inherent harm in trying to link the two together. She believes that feminists who try to do so are wasting valuable time that could be spent on other important issues. â€Å"In the end, anti-pornography campaigns, feminist or not, can only enlist today, as they have invariously enlisted before, guilt and anxiety around sex, as well as lifetimes of confusion in our personal experiences of sexual arousal and activity.† â€Å"In contrast, campaigns which get to the heart of men's violence and sadism towards women must enlist the widest possible resources to empower socially.† (Gibson 19)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another argument of Dworkin's is that pornography should not be protected as free speech under the first amendment. It is her contention that protecting what pornographers say, is protecting what pornography does. Pornography is more than words. They are acts against women. â€Å"Pornography happens to women.† As a result, bans on such material are warranted, not only because it is harmfully and discriminatory to women, but also because there are no civil liberties that are violated in preventing an act.

Moral Consequences

At this late date, virtually every American knows the most widely broadcast fallout from the Enron scandal- the collapse of a mega-corporation, jail sentences for many of key players in the scandal, and the realization that no company is invincible, especially given the fact that its very caretakers were in fact its killers.   Beyond this, however, there are moral consequences for American society overall, knowing now that highly paid executives stole the retirement futures of those who worked so hard to build up the company of Enron. Because of Enron, we now are faced with the fact that this was not just a business issue, but a human one as well.   Of course, financial ruin is horrible, but money can be replaced.   What cannot be replaced in many cases are the shattered lives that became that way when Enron fell apart.   For example, churches in the Houston, Texas area- the headquarters of Enron- were flooded with the â€Å"ordinary people† who worked at Enron, and who were then without jobs and their life savings.   For these people, many felt that the only answer to their problems was to end it all with suicide, and with nowhere else to turn, went to the churches for support (The Christian Century, 2002). On a higher level, American society has to face the fact that when money and power are involved, even those whom we think we can trust cannot totally be trusted.   Morally, America has fallen into a dark area where those who can steal from others for some short-term gain will usually do so. In closing, the moral consequence for America, in light of Enron, is a further loss of innocence. Bibliography Houston Church Deals with Layoffs at Enron. (2002, January 30). The Christian Century, 119, 15.

Stem Cell Research And The Arguments For And Against Its...

Legalman Accession Class 15010 Millican, Nikki K. SN 30 April 2015 [STEM CELL RESEARCH: AN UNDERSTANDING OF CONTRAVERSY] The meaning of stem cell research, and the arguments for and against its development Nikki Millican Chief Kamman Legalman Accession 15010 29 April 2015 Stem Cell Research: An Understanding of Controversy Stem cells make up every organ and tissue that reside inside the human body. These cells help to regenerate and replace defective tissues and cells that are injured and destroyed within our body everyday. Former President, George W. Bush, felt so strongly opposed to the development of this research that he cast the first veto of his presidency when Congress tried to broaden the scope of the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2007. In this veto he stated that, â€Å"This bill crosses a moral line that I and others find troubling.† (1) The executive order specifically stated that pluripotent stem cell research can be conducted as long as it is without violating human dignity or demeaning human life. (2) It successfully stalled the growth of stem cell research since the main focus of this research is the development and destruction of embryonic stem cells. The argument on the benefits of embryonic stem cell research has long been argued. Whether or not the benefits are a justification for the act of destroying these cells, and also is a, typically, five to six day old embryo at a stage where it can be considered a being with a life source allShow MoreRelatedControversy Surrounding Research And Therapeutic Use Of Stem Cell Technology831 Words   |  4 Pages Controversy surrounding research and therapeutic use of stem cells has been a contentious and socially polarizing matter for a few decades. 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In addition, in many tissues they serve as an initial repair system, dividing without limits to rep lenish other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. When a stem cell divides, eachRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1711 Words   |  7 PagesEmbryonic stem cell research is a hot topic of debate in our modern age, as scientific development continues to push the boundaries of ethics. The debates lies in whether or not it is helping or hindering society, as the procedure involves the manipulation of a human embryo. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from a week old human embryo (blastocyst), often developed from unused in vitro fertilised eggs. They are pluripotent, meaning they are capable of undergoing directed differentiation andRead MoreEmbryo Based Stem Cell Research1171 Words   |  5 PagesEmbryo-based stem cell research The controversy concerning the ethical dilemma related to stem cell research rages on. One particular basis of this controversy emanates from the fact that embryonic stem cells research derives its stem cells from destroyed embryos. Stem cells are cells that are yet to be specialized into specific tissue that serves specific function in the organism. Some radical scientists have labeled these cells the building blocks of future medical and biotechnical research becauseRead MoreThe Ethics Of Embryonic Stem Cells1201 Words   |  5 Pages Problem The society is not at an agreeable point when it comes to the research of stem cells obtained from human embryos. The disagreement narrows down to a clash between the two fundamental principles of ethics: The duty to prevent and alleviate suffering, and the duty to respect the value of human life. In most situations, both principles can be satisfied. However, in the research of embryonic stem cells, it might not be inherently possible. 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There is no easy answer to this question but it is the hope of this paper to make this murky concept a bit clearer. Literature Review To make this subject a bit more clear there are a few things that need to be covered first. According